Iceland is a European island nation in the northern Atlantic Ocean between Greenland, Norway, Scotland, Ireland, and the Faroe Islands. Iceland has a history of habitation since about the year 874, when, according to Landnámabók, the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfur Arnarson became the first permanent Norwegian settler on the island. Today, Iceland is a highly developed country, the world's fifth and second in terms of GDP per capita and human development respectively. Iceland is a member of UN, NATO, EEA and OECD.